《Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes》PPT课件9

Review

Talk with your classmates about your school rules by using “students are not allowed to…”.

一般现在时的被动语态

在英语中，动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。被动语态的基本结构是“助动词 be  + 及物动词的过去分词”，其中助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动 完全一样。

1.一般现在时被动语态的各种句式结构

肯定式  主语+am/is/are+过去分词（ + by…)

否定式  主语+am/is/are + not +过去分词 (+by…) 

疑问式  Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词(+ by …)?

特殊疑问词+ am/is/are+主语+过去分词（+ by ...)?

2.一般现在时被动语态的基本用法

表示经常性或习惯性发生的被动动作

I am often asked the question by my pupils. 

表示近期正在发生的被动动作

These days people are moved by a teacher named Zhang Lili.

描述某种常态化的被动的客观事实

The spaceship is mainly controlled by computer.

强调目前存在的针对行为主体人的被 限制性动作

You aren’t allowed to take photos.

3.主动语态变为被动语态的方法

第一步:将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；

第二步:将主动语态的谓语改为“be+及物动词的过去分词”结构；

第三步:将主动语态的主语改为介词by的宾语，放在谓语之后(有时可省略)。

... ... ...

Rewrite the sentences according to the example.

1. You must clean your bedroom every day.

Your bedroom  must be cleaned every day .

2. Parents should encourage teenagers to do social work for their community.

Teenagers _____________________________ .

3. Can Lucy do her homework  tomorrow instead? 

Can__________________________________ ?

4. Do you think we must keep teenagers away from the Internet?

Do you think teenagers__________________________ ?

... ... ...

Language points

1. Do you think teenagers should be encouraged to make their own decisions?  你认为应该鼓励青少年自己做决定吗？

make one’s own decision 意为“自己做决定”，相当于make a decision for oneself。

例：I just want to make my own decision.我只想能够自己做决定。

2. Parents should give teenagers chances to make their own decisions. 父母应该给青少年自己做决定的机会。

chance (a suitable time or situation when you have the opportunity to do sth.) 可数名词，意为“机会；机遇”，其后可接to do sth.或of sth.。若表示“做某事对某人来说是一次机会”，其后可接for sb. to do sth.。

例：I never miss a chance to play football.我从不错过踢球的机会。

It’s a good chance for you to meet.这是一个你们见面的好机会。

3. This way, when they _______(start) working they can manage their own lives.

这样，当他们开始工作时，他们能应付他们自己的生活。

manage 意为“完成(困难的事);应付(困难) 局面”， 其后可接名词、代词或动词不定式。

例：I’m not sure how we will manage it.

我不确信我们将如何完成这件事。

You should manage to finish the work in time. 

你应该设法及时完成工作。

... ... ...

Homework 

Master what you have learned in this lesson. Learn to make sentences with “情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”. 

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